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Rules of Construction or Interpretation re: Approach iro Conflicting Statutes & Principle of Lex Posterior Priori Derogant

SC00-89 : ART CORPORATION LTD vs MOYANA
Ruled By: GUBBAY JA, McNALLY JA and MANYARARA JA

This is a labour dispute between the parties. A brief history of the matter is as follows:The appellant (the Corporation) employed the respondent (Mr Moyana) on 20 October 1980 as a Marketing Executive. The contract was a simple one, providing that his functions were to be assigned to him from ...
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SC33-13 : TENDAYI TAMANIKWA and FRANK TINARWO and EMMERSON PAMIRE and TENDAI MOMBESHORA vs ZIMBABWE MANPOWER DEVELPOMENT FUND
Ruled By: ZIYAMBI JA, GOWORA JA and OMERJEE AJA

This appeal from a decision by the Labour Court concerns the interpretation of seemingly conflicting provisions within the Labour Act [Chapter 28:01], and, additionally, the conflict between the Labour Act itself, and the Zimbabwe Manpower Development Fund (Conditions of Service and Misconduct) Regulations S.I. 258/1996. The respondent is a statutory body which is created in terms of ...
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HH278-10 : RADIATOR AND TINNING (PVT) LTD vs RADIATOR AND TINNING (PVT) LTD WORKERS COMMITTEE and WALTER DUBE and LITOS CHIKWANDA and OTHERS
Ruled By: MTSHIYA J

It is also important to note that section 2A(3) of the Labour Act [Chapter 28:01] provides as follows- “This Act shall prevail over any other enactment inconsistent with it.” Section 243 of the Companies Act [Chapter 24:03] removes any possibility of inconsistence between the two pieces of legislation. Section 243 of the Companies Act [Chapter 24:03] caters ...
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SC33-13 : TENDAYI TAMANIKWA and FRANK TINARWO and EMMERSON PAMIRE and TENDAI MOMBESHORA vs ZIMBABWE MANPOWER DEVELPOMENT FUND
Ruled By: ZIYAMBI JA, GOWORA JA and OMERJEE AJA

I am further fortified in this view by the fact that the Zimbabwe Manpower Development Fund (Conditions of Service and Misconduct) Regulations S.I.258 of 1996 are not an employment code, and, in terms of section 12B, the Labour Act [Chapter 28:01] makes it mandatory for any dismissal to be effected in terms of a registered ...
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SC43-18 : ZIMBABWE ASSEMBLIES OF GOD AFRICA (ZAOGA) vs KASIKAI MASHONGANYIKA
Ruled By: GWAUNZA JA, GUVAVA JA and MAVANGIRA JA

Section 92 of the Labour Act [Chapter 28:01] (“the Act”) provides as follows: “A party to a matter before the Labour Court may appear in person or be represented by: (a) A legal practitioner registered in terms of the Legal Practitioners Act [Chapter 27:07]; (b) An official or employee of a registered trade union or employer's organization of which the party ...
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Appealed
SC188-20 : GERALD CHIGWADA vs PENELOPE CHIGWADA and SHEPHERD KUSADA N.O. and MASTER OF THE HIGH COURT
Ruled By: MALABA CJ, GARWE JA, MAKARAU JA, GOWORA JA and BERE JA

Different statutory provisions are enacted to deal with different, although sometimes related, subject-matters. Provisions of different statutes are never interpreted to contradict each other.
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HH128-09 : ROUTE TOUTE BV & OTHERS vs MINISTER OF NATIONAL SECURITY RESPONSIBLE FOR LAND LAND REFORM AND RESETTLEMENT & OTHERS
Ruled By: PATEL J

Section 16B of the Constitution of Zimbabwe came into operation on the 14th of September 2005. Subsections (2) and (3) of section 16B of the Constitution of Zimbabwe..., provide as follows:“(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Chapter –(a) All agricultural land –(i) that was identified on or before the 8th ...
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HH813-15 : STANLEY MACHOTE vs ZIMBABWE MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT FUND
Ruled By: TSANGA J

On 21 July 2015, I registered an arbitral award in favour of the applicant which was in the following terms:“It is ordered that;1. The arbitration award attached hereto, and granted in favour of the applicant on the 29th of October 2014, be and is hereby registered as an order of ...
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SSC71-21 : TUNGAMIRAI MADZOKERE and YVONE MUSARURWA and LAST MAENGAHAMA and PHINEAS NHATARIKWA vs THE STATE
Ruled By: GWAUNZA DCJ, MAKARAU JA and MAVANGIRA JA

This is an appeal against the judgment of the High Court sitting at Harare, handed down on 12 December 2016.In the judgment, the court a quo found the first three appellants guilty of murder and the fourth appellant guilty as an accessory after the fact, of public violence.The first three ...
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CC04-18 : GABRIEL SHUMBA and SIBONILE MFUMISI and DARLINGTON NYAMBIYA vs MINISTER OF JUSTICE and CHAIRPERSON, ZIMBABWE ELECTORAL COMMISSION and ZIMBABWE ELECTORAL COMMISSION and OTHERS
Ruled By: GWAUNZA JCC, GARWE JCC, GOWORA JCC, HLATSHWAYO JCC, PATEL JCC, GUVAVA JCC, MAVANGIRA JCC, BHUNU JCC and UCHENA JCC

This Court, dealing with constitutional interpretation, in Rushesha and Others v Dera and Others CC24-17, made the point that even what is not said has its own implications. The court remarked:“The interpretation of a statute, and indeed a Constitution, is based not only on what the provision says but also ...
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Appealed
HH591-18 : CAINOS CHINGOMBE and TENDAI KWENDA vs CITY OF HARARE and MINISTER OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT, PUBLIC WORKS AND NATIONAL HOUSING and HOSEA CHISANGO N.O. and GEORGE MAKINGS N.O. and CHENAI GUMIRO N.O.
Ruled By: MATHONSI J

Of course, the first and third respondents took a point in limine challenging the jurisdiction of this court to determine this matter on the ground that it is purely a labour dispute to which the Labour Court enjoys exclusive jurisdiction by virtue of the ouster provision contained in section 89(6) ...
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SC177-20 : CAINOS CHINGOMBE and TENDAI KWENDA vs CITY OF HARARE and MINISTER OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT, PUBLIC WORKS AND NATIONAL HOUSING and HOSEA CHISANGO N.O. and GEORGE MAKINGS N.O. and CHENAI GUMIRO N.O.
Ruled By: GOWORA JA, GUVAVA JA and MAKONI JA

Following their suspension from employment by the first respondent, the appellants, on 2 February 2018, filed an application with the High Court seeking a declaratur to the effect that such suspension was unlawful as well as consequential relief.On 3 October 2018, the High Court dismissed the application with each of ...
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Appealed
HH137-19 : STANLEY NHARI vs ROBERT MUGABE and DR GRACE MUGABE and GUSHUNGO DAIRY HOLDINGS (PVT) LTD
Ruled By: CHIKOWERO J

At the end of oral argument, on 13 February 2019, I upheld the special plea and dismissed the plaintiff's claim with costs. The background facts are as follows:The plaintiff is a male Zimbabwean adult: so is the first defendant, the Executive President of the Republic of Zimbabwe until sometime in ...
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SC161-20 : STANLEY NHARI vs ROBERT MUGABE and DR GRACE MUGABE and GUSHUNGO DAIRY HOLDINGS (PVT) LTD
Ruled By: GARWE JA, MAVANGIRA JA and MAKONI JA

This is an appeal against the judgment of the High Court upholding the special plea by the respondents that the High Court did not have jurisdiction to determine issues of employment and labour law.At the centre of the dispute between the parties, both in the court a quo and before ...
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HH63-16 : ASWEL NYANZARA vs MBADA DIAMONDS (PRIVATE) LIMITED
Ruled By: CHITAPI J

The applicant is a former employee of the respondent. He was employed in the position of Asset Protection Officer.On 11 November 2014, the applicant was served with a notice to terminate his employment with the respondent. The notice period which the applicant was given was three (3) months effective from ...
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HH74-16 : TRIANGLE LTD and HIPPO VALLEY ESTATES LTD and MKWASINE ESTATE and THE ZIMBABAWE SUGAR ASSOCIATION EXPERIMENT STATION (PVT) LTD vs ZIMBABWE SUGAR MILLING INDUSTRY WORKERS' UNION and OTHERS
Ruled By: MAKONI J

The applicants approached this court seeking a provisional order in the following terms:“TERMS OF FINAL ORDER SOUGHTThat you show cause to this Honourable Court why a final order should not be made in the following terms:1. The 1st respondent, its members, and all other persons acting through it and on ...
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SC20-22 : NATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY AUTHORITY vs HOUSING COOPERATION ZIMBABWE (PVT) LTD and PETER CARNEGIE LLOYD N.O.
Ruled By: MAVANGIRA JA, UCHENA JA and CHATUKUTA JA

After hearing the parties on 13 September 2021, we gave our judgment on the matter extempore. Our written reasons for judgment have now been requested by the respondent's legal practitioners. Hereunder appears the judgment that was handed down ex tempore on 13 September 2021.This is the unanimous decision of this ...
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SC140-21 : MBCA BANK (PRIVATE) LIMITED (Now known as Nedbank Zimbabwe Limited) vs ZIMBABWE REVENUE AUTHORITY
Ruled By: GUVAVA JA, UCHENA JA and MAKONI JA

This is an appeal against the whole judgment of the Special Court for Income Tax Appeals, dated 28 November 2019, upholding the respondent's amended assessment of tax against the appellant.FACTSThe facts of the case can be summarised as follows;The appellant is a registered Bank in Zimbabwe. It is also a ...
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SC163-21 : TENDAYI WASHAYA and CHIPO WASHAYA vs MAKEBREAK TRADING (PVT) LTD and THE SHERIFF OF THE HIGH COURT (N.O.) and THE REGISTRAR OF DEEDS
Ruled By: MALABA CJ, UCHENA JA and CHIWESHE AJA

This is an appeal against the whole judgment of the High Court (“the court a quo”) holding that the first respondent had complied with the provisions of the Contractual Penalties Act [Chapter 8:04] (“the Contractual Penalties Act”) in sending a notice of cancellation of an agreement to the appellants by ...
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Appealed
CC07-21 : MARX MUPUNGU vs MINISTER OF JUSTICE, LEGAL AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS and OTHERS
Ruled By: GWAUNZA ACJ, GARWE JCC, MAKARAU JCC, GOWORA JCC, HLATSHAWAYO JCC, PATEL JCC and GUVAVA AJCC

MAKARAU JCC:This is an application in terms of section 175(3) of the Constitution of Zimbabwe, for the setting aside in its entirety, of a High Court declaratory order handed down on 15 May 2021. The order, issued in respect of two distinct and separately filed applications, invalidated certain conduct by ...
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HH264-21 : MUSA KIKA vs MINISTER OF JUSTICE LEGAL & PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS and THE CHIEF JUSTICE HONOURABLE LUKE MALABA N.O. and OTHERS
Ruled By: ZHOU J, CHAREWA J and MUSHORE J

IntroductionThis judgment is in respect of two matters, HC2128/21 and HC2166/21. The two matters were heard together because the substance of their complaints is the same.Both matters were brought by way of application. HC2128/21 was instituted as an urgent court application while HC2166/21 was brought as an urgent chamber application.Both ...
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HMT02-19 : RUBEN ZIMONDI vs SECRETARY PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION and GENERAL COMMISSIONER OF THE PRISONS AND CORRECTIONAL SERVICE and MINISTER OF JUSTICE, LEGAL AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS and PRESIDENT OF ZIMBABWE
Ruled By: MUZENDA J

On the 4th July 2018, the applicant (Ruben Zimondi) filed an application seeking the following relief:“IT IS ORDERED THAT:1. It is declared that the discharge of the applicant herein, wherein he held the rank of Superintendent, be and is hereby declared unlawful.2. The 1st respondent be and is hereby ordered ...
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HH494-13 : PATRICIA MAPINI vs OMNI AFRICA (PVT) LTD
Ruled By: TSANGA J

This is an opposed application for rescission of judgment which has its genesis in the dismissal of the applicant, Patricia Mapini, from employment by the respondent, Omni Africa.The applicant was engaged as a Sage Pastel Sales Executive by the respondent.The working relationship soured when the respondent terminated the applicant's contract ...
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