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HH159-12 - URMILLA GIGA vs ALBION PROPERTIES and MESSENGER OF COURT HARARE and APPLISET INVESTMENTS (PVT) LTD

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Procedural Law-viz urgent application.
Procedural Law-viz lease agreement re eviction proceedings iro Rule 4A of the Magistrates Court Rules.
Procedural Law-viz agreement of lease re eviction proceedings iro Rule 4A of the Magistrate's Court Rules.
Procedural Law-viz citation re party acting in an official capacity.
Procedural Law-viz interim interdict re past invasion of rights.
Procedural Law-viz urgent chamber application re urgency iro past invasion of rights.
Procedural Law-viz urgent application re urgency iro time to act urgency.
Procedural Law-viz condonation re liability of a client for acts committed by its legal practitioners.
Legal Practitioners-viz professional ethics.
Law of Property-viz vindicatory action re Rule 4A of the Magistrates Court Rules.
Law of Property-viz rei vindicatio re Rule 4A of the Magistrate's Court Rules.
Procedural Law-viz final orders re enforcement of court orders iro warrant of execution.
Procedural Law-viz enforcement of judgments re warrant of execution iro Rule 4A of the Magistrates Court Rules.
Procedural Law-viz rules of court re mandatory provisions iro the doctrine of strict compliance.
Procedural Law-viz rules of court re peremptory provisions iro the doctrine of substantial compliance.
Procedural Law-viz rules of construction re mandatory provisions iro use of the word "shall".
Procedural Law-viz rules of interpretation re peremptory provisions iro use of the word "shall".
Procedural Law-viz citation re joinder iro joinder of necessity.
Procedural Law-viz postponement of proceedings.
Procedural Law-viz deferment of hearing.
Procedural Law-viz rules of evidence re findings of fact iro candidness with the court.
Procedural Law-viz rules of evidence re findings of fact iro being candid with the court.
Procedural Law-viz rules of evidence re findings of fact iro assessment of evidence.
Procedural Law-viz rules of evidence re documentary evidence.

Condonation or Judicial Indulgence re: Consequential Effects of Negligent Acts of Legal Practitioners

The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. 

She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

Professional Ethics, Legal Duty to the Court and Clients, Dominus Litis and Correspondence with the Court

The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. 

She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

Urgency re: Approach iro Time, Consequent and Remedial Alternative Considerations of Urgency

The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

Urgency re: Past Invasion of Rights, Interdict Overriding Lawful Conduct, Statutory or Contractual Provisions


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Cause of Action and Draft Orders re: Appearance to Defend iro Effect of Non-Appearance


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Citation and Joinder re: Approach, the Joinder of Necessity and Third Party Notices


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

Findings of Fact re: Witness Testimony iro Candidness with the Court and Deceptive or Misleading Evidence


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

Lease Agreements re: Termination, Notice of Termination & the Exceptio Doli Mali iro Lessee Eviction & Incidental Possessors


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

The lease agreement was entered into after the first respondent had been served with notice of this application.

The illegality of the applicant's ejectment, and the fact that the third respondent and the first applicant entered into the new lease agreement when these proceedings were pending, and that the third respondent has not yet taken occupation, justifies an order for the reinstatement of the applicant into the premises in terms of the draft provisional order.

The provisional order is therefore granted in terms of the draft order.

Vindicatory Action or Rei Vindicatio re: Approach, Ownership Rights, Claim of Right, Estoppel and Lien


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

The lease agreement was entered into after the first respondent had been served with notice of this application.

The illegality of the applicant's ejectment, and the fact that the third respondent and the first applicant entered into the new lease agreement when these proceedings were pending, and that the third respondent has not yet taken occupation, justifies an order for the reinstatement of the applicant into the premises in terms of the draft provisional order.

The provisional order is therefore granted in terms of the draft order.

Interim Interdict or Final Order re: Past Invasion of Rights Premised On Prima Facie Lawful Conduct & Right to Legality


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

The lease agreement was entered into after the first respondent had been served with notice of this application.

The illegality of the applicant's ejectment, and the fact that the third respondent and the first applicant entered into the new lease agreement when these proceedings were pending, and that the third respondent has not yet taken occupation, justifies an order for the reinstatement of the applicant into the premises in terms of the draft provisional order.

The provisional order is therefore granted in terms of the draft order.

Final Orders re: Writ of Execution, Enforcement of Judgments iro Approach, Execution Powers and Superannuated Orders


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

The lease agreement was entered into after the first respondent had been served with notice of this application.

The illegality of the applicant's ejectment, and the fact that the third respondent and the first applicant entered into the new lease agreement when these proceedings were pending, and that the third respondent has not yet taken occupation, justifies an order for the reinstatement of the applicant into the premises in terms of the draft provisional order.

The provisional order is therefore granted in terms of the draft order.

Interim Interdict Pendente Lite and Stay of Execution re: Approach


The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for eleven (11) years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She, in her founding affidavit, said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She, on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners, was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrates Court Rules.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected, and her filing this urgent application, on 21 November 2011, has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal, and the sudden unprocedural ejectment, justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice, provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) A warrant of execution against property; or

(b) A warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) A warrant of delivery and execution against property;
the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business, a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the Messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Counsel for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Counsel for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2), which the respondent's counsel relied on, provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution, or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours during which he should not have ejected her after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms and provides exceptions which would justify failure to give 48 hours notice. The Rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left.”

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances.

The second respondent, who the proviso authorizes to make such a decision, did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation, I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Counsel for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Counsel for the applicant then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

The lease agreement was entered into after the first respondent had been served with notice of this application.

The illegality of the applicant's ejectment, and the fact that the third respondent and the first applicant entered into the new lease agreement when these proceedings were pending, and that the third respondent has not yet taken occupation, justifies an order for the reinstatement of the applicant into the premises in terms of the draft provisional order.

The provisional order is therefore granted in terms of the draft order.

Urgent Application

UCHENA J: The applicant was the first respondent's tenant at Number 5 Albion House, 74 Harare. She was evicted from the premises without being given 48 hours notice as provided by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (Rules 1980).

She seeks an order of this court reinstating her into the premises pending the hearing of her application for the condonation of her late noting of an appeal against the decision of the magistrate on the strength of which the first respondent evicted her from the property.

The first respondent was the applicant's landlord for 11 years. It sought and obtained an eviction order against the appellant. The order was enforced in the manner already explained above.

The second respondent is the Messenger of Court Harare. He is an officer of the Magistrate's Court entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing that court's orders.

The third respondent is the first respondent's new tenant with whom it entered into a lease agreement after this application had been issued and served on the first respondent. It has not yet taken occupation of the property in dispute.

The applicant was aware of the court's order for her eviction. She was then being represented by her erstwhile legal practitioners whom she instructed to appeal against the magistrate's decision. She in her founding affidavit said she was surprised when the Messenger of Court gave her notice and forthwith evicted her. She on inquiring with her erstwhile legal practitioners was advised that they had not filed the appeal as instructed as she had not paid them. She has since retrieved her file from them and instructed her current legal practitioners to note the appeal and file an application for condonation of the late noting of the appeal concurrently with this application.

The applicant's property was removed from the premises and is now stored outside her residential property and is exposed to the elements. She therefore filed this urgent application in which she seeks reinstatement mainly on the ground that her ejectment did not comply with Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court Rules.

Mr Nhokwara for the first respondent submitted that this application is not urgent because the applicant did not immediately act after her ejectment.

Mr Hamunakwadi submitted that she acted as soon as she could in the circumstances of this case.

She was surprised by the ejectment as she believed her erstwhile legal practitioners had attended to her appeal against the magistrate's decision, though she erroneously believed that the appeal would suspend the magistrate's decision. She was ejected without the requisite 48 hours notice. She had to retrieve her file from her erstwhile legal practitioners, and instruct her current legal practitioners. She had to do this in the circumstances she had been plunged into by the unprocedural eviction.

I am satisfied that the delay between 16 November 2011, when she was ejected and her filing this urgent application on 21 November 2011 has been adequately explained.

I am also satisfied her erstwhile legal practitioners failure to note the appeal and the sudden unprocedural ejectment justifies the hearing of the applicant's application on an urgent basis.

Her application is strengthened by her having been evicted without being given 48 hours notice.

Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 of the Magistrate's Court (1980) Rules, which provides for the notice provides as follows;

“(1) Upon receiving —

(a) a warrant of execution against property; or

(b) a warrant of ejectment and execution against property; or

(c) a warrant of delivery and execution against property;

the Messenger shall, within twenty-four hours or as soon as circumstances permit, go to the house or place of business of the execution debtor and deliver to the debtor or leave at the house or place of business a notice warning the debtor of the date of the proposed execution of the warrant, which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left:

Provided that the messenger need not deliver or leave such a notice in any case in which he has reasonable grounds for believing that immediate execution of the warrant is necessary in order to prevent the execution debtor from concealing or disposing of any property in order to avoid its attachment.”

The second respondent did not oppose this application, nor did he file any papers explaining why he executed without giving the requisite 48 hours notice.

Mr Nhokwara for the first respondent submitted that the Messenger of Court's inadvertent failure to deliver or leave notice to the judgment debtor in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate the ejectment.

Mr Hamunakwadi for the applicant submitted that the issue in this case is not on failure to deliver or leave the notice but giving inadequate notice contrary to subrule (1). Subrule (2) which the respondent's counsel relied on provides as follows:

“(2) An inadvertent failure by the Messenger to deliver or leave a notice in terms of subrule (1) shall not invalidate any attachment, sale in execution or ejectment effected in accordance with a warrant.”

The first respondent's submission cannot be accepted in view of the fact that there is no evidence that there was an inadvertent failure to deliver or leave the notice at the applicant's premises.

The applicant's case is in fact that she was given notice, but was evicted without being given 48 hours, after that notice which would have given her time to take legal action against that notice. Her claim is that the second respondent acted unlawfully by not giving her 48 hours, during which he should not have ejected her, after the delivery of the notice.

That argument is supported by Rule 4A(1) of Order 26 which is couched in peremptory terms, and provides exceptions which would justify, failure to give 48 hours notice. The rule requires the Messenger of Court to deliver notice “of the date of ejectment which date shall not be sooner than forty-eight hours after the notice was so delivered or left”.

The exceptions are provided in the proviso to subrule 4A(1) which deals with circumstances when a Messenger can justifiably not deliver or leave notice of ejectment or attachment.

The first respondent's opposing papers do not allege the existence of such circumstances. The second respondent who the proviso authorities to make such a decision did not file any papers to oppose this application nor did he file any papers supporting the first respondent's opposition of this application.

There is therefore no explanation before this court justifying the immediate ejectment of the applicant.

In the absence of such an explanation I hold that the applicant was unlawfully ejected from the premises.

Mr Nhokwara for the first respondent argued that as the horse has already bolted from the stable, the application should be dismissed, as the premises have already been occupied by a new tenant.

Mr Hamunakwadi then applied for the joinder of the third respondent who was alleged to be the new tenant who had taken occupation of the premises.

The application for joinder and postponement was not opposed.

The third respondent and his legal practitioner appeared before the court and confirmed that it had entered into a lease agreement with the first respondent for the premises in dispute. It however told the court that it had not yet taken occupation of the premises, contrary to what the first respondent had told the court.

The lease agreement was entered into after the first respondent had been served with notice of this application.

The illegality of the applicant's ejectment and the fact that the third respondent and the first applicant entered into the new lease agreement when these proceedings were pending and that the third respondent has not yet taken occupation justifies an order for the reinstatement of the applicant into the premises in terms of the draft provisional order.

The provisional order is therefore granted in terms of the draft order.





Hamunakwadi Nyandoro & Nyambuya, applicant's legal practitioners

Mambosasa Legal Practitioners, first respondent's legal practitioners

Hangaha & Charamba Legal Practitoners, third respondent's legal practitioners

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